**Question 1**
Study carefully Specimens A, B and C.
(a) Identify Specimen A and Specimen B. [1 Mark]
(b) To what class of invertebrate do Specimen A and Specimen B belong? [1 Mark]
(c) State TWO functions of organism of Specimen A. [2 Marks]
(d) Make a well labelled diagram of size 8 to 10 cm of Specimen A. [5 Marks]
(e) Identify Specimen C with one reason. [1 Mark]
---
**Question 2**
Study carefully Specimens D, E, F and G.
(a) Identify Specimen D, E, F, and G. [2 Marks]
(b) State one agent of pollination each of Specimen D, E, F and G. [2 Marks]
(c) State the groups to which Specimen D, E, F and G belong. [2 Marks]
(d) State FOUR differences between Specimen D and G. [2 Marks]
---
**Question (continued — flower diagram)**
The diagram below shows the longitudinal section of a flower.
(e) i. Identify structures labelled X, Y and Z. [1 Mark]
ii. What type of cell division occurs in the labelled part Z? [1 Mark]
# Biology Practical Solutions
## QUESTION 1 — Specimens A, B and C (Invertebrates)
*Likely specimens: A = Earthworm, B = Millipede/Centipede, C = Snail/Cockroach*
---
**(a) Identify Specimen A and Specimen B**
- **Specimen A** = Earthworm (*Lumbricus terrestris*)
- **Specimen B** = Millipede (*Iulus* sp.) / Centipede
---
**(b) Class of invertebrate:**
- Specimen A (Earthworm) → Class **Oligochaeta** (Phylum Annelida)
- Specimen B (Millipede) → Class **Diplopoda** (Phylum Arthropoda)
---
**(c) TWO functions of the organism of Specimen A (Earthworm):**
1. **Burrowing** — loosens and aerates the soil, improving soil fertility
2. **Decomposition** — breaks down organic matter, enriching the soil with nutrients
---
**(d) Well-labelled diagram of Specimen A (Earthworm):**
```
___________________________
(Mouth) (Anus)
●══════════════════════════════════●
↑ ↑ ↑
Prostomium Clitellum Segments
(Head) (Band)
```
**Labels to include:**
- Mouth (Prostomium)
- Segments (Annuli)
- Clitellum (swollen band)
- Setae (tiny bristles on underside)
- Anus
> Draw at 8–10 cm, showing all segments clearly with the clitellum thicker than the rest.
---
**(e) Identify Specimen C with one reason:**
- **Specimen C = Snail** (*Archachatina marginata*)
- **Reason:** It has a **hard, spiral shell** on its back for protection
---
---
## QUESTION 2 — Specimens D, E, F and G (Flowers)
*Likely specimens: D = Wind-pollinated flower (e.g. Maize/Grass), E = Insect-pollinated (e.g. Hibiscus), F = another insect-pollinated, G = Water/self-pollinated*
---
**(a) Identify Specimen D, E, F and G:**
| Specimen | Identity |
|----------|----------|
| D | Maize flower (*Zea mays*) — wind-pollinated |
| E | Hibiscus flower (*Hibiscus rosa-sinensis*) — insect-pollinated |
| F | Water lily / Tridax — insect-pollinated |
| G | Grass flower — wind-pollinated |
---
**(b) One agent of pollination each:**
| Specimen | Agent of Pollination |
|----------|----------------------|
| D (Maize) | **Wind** (anemophily) |
| E (Hibiscus) | **Insects** (entomophily) |
| F (Tridax) | **Insects** (entomophily) |
| G (Grass) | **Wind** (anemophily) |
---
**(c) Groups to which Specimens D, E, F and G belong:**
| Specimen | Group |
|----------|-------|
| D (Maize) | Monocotyledon (Monocot) |
| E (Hibiscus) | Dicotyledon (Dicot) |
| F (Tridax) | Dicotyledon (Dicot) |
| G (Grass) | Monocotyledon (Monocot) |
---
**(d) FOUR differences between Specimen D (Maize) and G (Grass):**
| Feature | Specimen D (Maize) | Specimen G (Grass) |
|---------|-------------------|-------------------|
| 1. Size | Larger plant | Smaller plant |
| 2. Flower arrangement | Has distinct male (tassel) and female (silk) flowers | Flowers are small and grouped in spikelets |
| 3. Stem | Solid, stout stem | Hollow, slender stem |
| 4. Fruit | Produces large cob (maize grain) | Produces small grain |
## QUESTION 2(e) — Longitudinal Section of a Flower
**(i) Identify structures X, Y and Z:**
- **X** = Style (part of the pistil/female reproductive organ)
- **Y** = Stigma (top of the pistil — though Y wasn't labeled in image, X is at top)
- **Z** = Ovule (inside the ovary)
> Based on the diagram: **X = Style**, the structure labeled at the top is the **stigma**, and **Z = Ovule** inside the ovary.
---
**(ii) Type of cell division in part Z (Ovule):**
- **Meiosis** (reduction division)
- This is because the ovule produces **egg cells (gametes)**, which requires meiotic division to halve the chromosome number.